Physics 8A – Summer 2024 (DeWeese)

-- KINEMATICS --
Kinematics – Lecture
17 Topics
P01-010 – Measuring Time & Position
P01-020 – Particle Model
P01-030 – Position Vector
P01-040 – Displacement Vector
P01-050 – Average Velocity Vector
P01-060 – Average Acceleration Vector
P01-070 – Instantaneous Velocity
P01-080 – Instantaneous Acceleration
P01-090 – Relationship Between Velocity & Acceleration
P01-100 – Kinematic Equations with Constant Acceleration
P01-110 – Application: Free-Fall
P01-140 – Position Vector in 3D
P01-150 – Displacement Vector in 3D
P01-160 – Average Velocity Vector in 3D
P01-170 – Average Acceleration Vector in 3D
P01-180 – Instantaneous Velocity in 3D
P01-190 – Instantaneous Acceleration in 3D
Kinematics – Problems
16 Topics
P01R2015 – Graphical Subtraction of Vectors
P01G2015 – Average Velocity
P01R2015 – Trip to the Store
P01R2015 – Acceleration on an incline
P01R2015 – Vertical Free-fall
P01R2015 – Rising Rocket
P01R2021 – Physics Rocks
P01R2015 – Catching the Bus
P01R2020 – Coming at Each Other
P01R2020 – Trains Crossing
P01R2015 – Highway Patrol
P01G2019 – Cars Racing Alongside Each Other
P01G2007 – Balls Colliding in Mid-air
P01G2008 – Passing a Car
P01R2015 – Furiously Fast
P01R2015 – Biking Along
-- PROJECTILE MOTION --
Projectile Motion – Lecture
7 Topics
P02-010 – Projectile Motion
P02-020 – Equations of Motion
P02-030 – Equation of the Path y = f(x)
P02-040 – Finding the Maximum Height
P02-050 – Property of the Path of the Projectile
P02-060 – Range of the Projectile
P02-070 – Launch Angle and Range Maximization
Projectile Motion – Problems
13 Topics
P02R2017 – Hats Off to Frosty
P02R2015 – Analysis of a Jump
P02G2021 – Projectile Launched from Unknown Height
P02R2015 – Air Delivery
P02G2018 – Air Drop
P02R2015 – A Ball Game
P02R2015 – Throwing a Rock Off a Cliff
P02S2008 – A Bouncing Superball
P02R2015 – Clearing the Edge of a Cliff
P02G2017 – Ball Toss
P02G2005 – Home Run
P02G2016 – Ball Thrown in the Air
P02G2020 – Football Toss
-- NEWTON'S LAWS --
Newton’s Laws – Lecture
13 Topics
P03-010 – Force and Vector Representation
P03-020 – Common Forces: weight force
P03-030 – Common Forces: tension force
P03-040 – Common Forces: normal force
P03-050 – Common Forces: friction forces
P03-060 – Common Forces: spring force & Hooke’s Law
P03-070 – Free-Body Diagram
P03-080 – Net Force
P03-090 – Newton’s First Law
P03-100 – Newton’s Second Law
P03-110 – Newton’s Third Law
P03-120 – Application: ideal string
P03-130 – Application: ideal pulley
Newton’s Laws – Problems
23 Topics
P03R2015 – Three Hanging Masses
P03R2015 – Hanging Mass
P03R2015 – Keeping a Box at Rest
P03G2018 – Blocks Slipping on an Incline
P03B2006 – Sliding or Not?
P03G2007 – Holding a Block on an Incline
P03G2008 – Holding a Block Up Against a Wall
P03G2016 – Pressing a Block Against a Wall
P03R2015 – Resting or Sliding Up an Incline
P03R2015 – Acceleration and Friction Forces
P03G2015 – Pushing on Three Blocks
P03R2015 – Small Block on Larger Moving Block
P03R2015 – Blocks Sliding Down a Ramp
P03B2006 – Who is Pulling Who?
P03G2016 – Joint Inclines
P03G2017 – Pulling Three Blocks
P03G2018 – Pulling and Lifting
P03G2020 – Connected Blocks
P03G2021 – Minimum Slipping Force
P03G2022 – Pulling Blocks on an Incline
P03R2015 – Atwood Machine
P03R2015 – Acceleration Constraint
P03R2015 – Pulling Two Connected Boxes
-- CIRCULAR MOTION --
Circular Motion – Lecture
13 Topics
P04-010 – Circular Motion
P04-020 – RTZ Coordinate System
P04-030 – Direction of Acceleration
P04-040 – Components of Acceleration
P04-060 – Uniform & Non-Uniform Circular Motion
P04-070 – Period of Revolution
P04-080 – Newton’s Second Law
P04-090 – Angular Position & Displacement
P04-100 – Instantaneous Angular Velocity
P04-110 – Instantaneous Angular Acceleration
P04-120 – Relationship Between Velocity and Acceleration
P04-130 – Kinematic Equations for Circular Motion
P04-140 – Relating Angular & Linear Quantities
Circular Motion – Problems
13 Topics
P04G2016 – Lift Force on a Plane
P04B2006 – Space Ride
P04G2017 – Toy Car
P04G2018 – Holding a Block against a Wall
P04G2022 – Pendulum
P04R2015 – Connected Blocks and Circular Motion
P04R2017 – Rotating Around a Rod
P04R2019 – Twirling Pendulum
P04B2016 – Banked Curve vs. Flat Curve
P04B2018 – Car Rounding a Curve
P04R2015 – Banked Road
P04G2019 – Semicircular Hill and Valley
P04G2005 – Flying in a Loop
-- WORK & ENERGY --
Work & Energy – Lecture
12 Topics
P05-010 – Energy
P05-020 – Kinetic Energy
P05-030 – Gravitational Potential Energy
P05-040 – Elastic Potential Energy
P05-050 – Mechanical Energy
P05-060 – Work Done by a Force
P05-070 – Calculating the Work Done by a Force
P05-100 – Work Done by the Weight Force
P05-110 – Work Done by the Spring Force
P05-120 – Work-Kinetic Energy Theorem
P05-140 – Conservation of Mechanical Energy
P05-150 – Power and Mechanical Power
Work & Energy – Problems
21 Topics
P05R2015 – Over Two Hills
P05R2015 – Sliding Down the Track
P05R2015 – Sliding Down Onto a Spring
P05R2015 – Landing on a Spring
P05G2007 – Package Landing on a Spring
P05G2005 – Blocks Connected Over a Pulley
P05G2019 – Block on a Vertical Spring
P05G2020 – Frictionless Ramp
P05G2016 – Mass-Spring System
P05R2015 – Rough Sliding
P05G2017 – Shooting a Crate
P05G2018 – Back and Forth Between Springs
P05R2015 – Springs and Friction
P05R2021 – Launching a Block Up a Rough Incline
P05G2016 – Non-Conservative Force
P05G2021 – Friction Under a Spring
P05G2018 – Projectile Launched from a Ramp
P05G2019 – Pushing a Block on the Ceiling
P05R2015 – Risky Swinging
P05S2013 – Stretching a Spring
P05S2015 – Sliding Off a Ramp with Friction
-- MIDTERM 1 - STUDY GUIDE --
DeWeese – 8A 2009 Fall – Midterm 1
3 Topics
P02D2009 – Fast Break
P03D2009 – Sandbox on an Incline
P05D2009 – Raising the Bar
DeWeese – 8A 2010 Fall – Midterm 1
4 Topics
P05D2010 – Pop Fly
P03D2010 – Pulleys and Blocks
P04D2010 – Ferris Wheel
P05D2010 – Spring on a Slope
DeWeese – 8A 2012 Fall – Midterm 1
4 Topics
P05D2012 – Slap Shot
P03D2012 – Dragged Down a Ramp
P04D2012 – Tetherball
P05D2012 – Three Weights
DeWeese – 8A 2013 Spring – Midterm 1
4 Topics
P02D2013 – Women’s Lacrosse
P03D2013 – Pulley and Ramp
P04D2013 – Sliding in a Funnel
P05D2013 – Pulling a Toy
DeWeese – 8A 2014 Fall – Midterm 1
4 Topics
P02D2014 – Cal Soccer
P04D2014 – Rounding the Bend
P05D2014 – The Force Table
P05D2014 – Two Blocks on a Ramp
DeWeese – 8A 2015 Spring – Midterm 1
3 Topics
P02D2015 – The Big Game
P05D2015 – Spring Gun and Frictionless Track
P05D2015 – Two Sliding Blocks
DeWeese – 8A 2017 Fall – Midterm 1
4 Topics
P01D2017 – Relay Race
P03D2017 – Two Blocks on Inclines
P05D2017 – Trapeze Artist and a Big Spring
P04D2017 – Carnival Swing Ride
DeWeese – 8A 2020 Spring – Midterm 1
4 Topics
P02D2020 – Women’s Golf Tournament
P05D2020 – Block Sliding on an Incline
P05D2020 – Tilt Up Carnival Ride
P03D2020 – Atwood Machine with a Spring
-- IMPULSE & MOMENTUM --
Impulse & Moment. – Lecture
9 Topics
P06-010 – Momentum Vector
P06-020 – Newton’s Second Law in Momentum Form
P06-030 – Conservation of Momentum
P06-040 – Impulse of a Force
P06-050 – How to Calculate an Impulse
P06-060 – Impulse-Momentum Theorem
P06-070 – Inelastic & Elastic Collisions
P06-080 – Solving Strategy: perfectly inelastic collision
P06-090 – Solving Strategy: head-on elastic collision
Impulse & Moment. – Problems
20 Topics
P06G2005 – Game of Catch
P06R2019 – Bullet Fired into a Block
P06R2015 – Ball Bouncing Off a Wall
P06R2015 – Hockey Puck Bouncing Off a Wall
P06G2019 – Blocks & Compressed Spring
P06R2015 – Sliding and Colliding
P06B2006 – Saving Lois?
P06G2007 – Three Colliding Blocks
P06G2017 – Sequence of Collisions
P06R2017 – Collision Course
P06R2019 – Two Collisions in a Row
P06R2020 – From One Spring to Another
P06R2015 – Ballistic Pendulum
P06G2015 – Inelastic Collision
P06G2016 – Collision Between Three Masses
P06G2018 – Masses Bouncing Off Each Other
P06G2020 – Speed Before and After a Collision
P06R2015 – Blocks Colliding
P06R2015 – Explosion of a Hockey Puck
P06R2020 – Inelastic Collision vs. Elastic Collision
-- GRAVITATION --
Gravitation – Lecture
12 Topics
P07-010 – Gravitational Field
P07-020 – Gravitational Force
P07-030 – The Weight Force
P07-040 – The Principle of Superposition
P07-050 – Circular Orbits: uniform circular motion
P07-060 – Circular Orbits: orbital speed
P07-070 – Circular Orbits: period of revolution
P07-080 – Gravitational Potential Energy
P07-090 – Gravitational Potential Energy for a System of Masses
P07-100 – Gravitational Potential Energy and Work
P07-110 – Conservation of Mechanical Energy
P07-130 – Escape Velocity
Gravitation – Problems
10 Topics
P07R2015 – Accelerations Due to Gravity
P07S2015 – Mass Density of the Earth & the Moon
P07R2015 – Orbiting Satellite
P07R2015 – Geostationary Satellite
P07S2013 – Three Orbiting Bodies
P07S2013 – Orbiting the Center of Mass
P07R2015 – From One Planet to Another
P07B2012 – Orbiting Spaceship
P07B2017 – Blast Off
P07B2016 – Space Maneuvers
-- CENTER OF MASS --
Center of Mass – Lecture
5 Topics
P08-010 – Center of Mass of a System of Particles
P08-020 – Position of the Center of Mass
P08-030 – Velocity of the Center of Mass
P08-040 – Acceleration of the Center of Mass
P08-050 – Newton’s Second Law and Center of Mass
Center of Mass – Problems
8 Topics
P08G2019 – Stacked Blocks
P08R2015 – COM of Three Boxes
P08R2015 – Two Sliding Masses
P08R2015 – Two Sliding Masses at it Again
P08R2015 – Collision and COM of Two Blocks
P08R2015 – Walking to the End of the Canoe
P08R2015 – Exploding Firework
P08R2015 – A Grenade Exploding in Midair
-- TORQUE - STATICS --
Statics – Lecture
5 Topics
P09-010 – Equilibrium of an Extended Body
P09-020 – Introduction: three simple cases
P09-030 – Reminder: cross product of two vectors
P09-040 – Torque Created by a Force
P09-050 – Equilibrium Condition for an Extended Body
Statics – Problems
14 Topics
P09R2015 – Suspended Beam
P09R2020 – Balanced Beam
P09R2020 – Balanced Beam with Hanging Mass
P09R2015 – Resting Ladder
P09R2015 – Ladder and Painter
P09R2015 – Straw Balanced Across a Glass
P09G2018 – Balanced Pole
P09G2019 – Non-Uniform Hanging Bar
P09R2015 – Non-Uniform Balancing Rod
P09G2007 – Rod in Equilibrium
P09G2016 – Balancing a Horizontal Rod
P09G2017 – Two Balanced Rods
P09G2020 – Beam with Two Sections
P09R2021 – Balancing Force
-- TORQUE - DYNAMICS --
Dynamics – Lecture
7 Topics
P10-010 – Solid Rotation
P10-020 – Angular Velocity Vector
P10-030 – Angular Acceleration Vector
P10-040 – Moment of Inertia
P10-050 – List of Moments of Inertia
P10-090 – Parallel-Axis Theorem
P10-100 – Newton’s Second Law for Rotational Motion
Dynamics – Problems
14 Topics
P10S2015 – Helicopter Blade
P10G2005 – Rotating a Disk and a Rod
P10G2016 – Rotating Cylinder
P10R2020 – Rotating a Disk
P10R2015 – Two Rockets on a Rod
P10G2018 – Pushing a Door and a Box
P10R2015 – Kinematics of a Hollow Sphere
P10R2015 – Atwood Machine
P10R2015 – A Non-Ideal Pulley
P10G2019 – Blocks & Non-ideal Pulley
P10G2007 – Pulley Lowering a Block
P10G2015 – Acceleration of a Pulley
P10R2017 – Cylinder Dragging a Box
P10R2020 – Pulley Lowering a Block
-- TORQUE - ENERGY & MOMENTUM --
Energy & Moment. – Lecture
8 Topics
P11-010 – Angular Momentum
P11-020 – Newton’s Second Law in Angular Momentum Form
P11-030 – Conservation of Angular Momentum
P11-050 – Rolling Motion
P11-060 – Rolling w/o Slipping and Static Friction
P11-070 – Rotational Kinetic Energy
P11-080 – Rolling Kinetic Energy
P11-110 – Conservation of Energy for Rolling w/o Slipping
Energy & Moment. – Problems
11 Topics
P11G2019 – Biking Down a Hill
P11G2007 – Kinetic Energy of a Spool
P11G2008 – Rotating Rod
P11G2015 – Disk Rolling then Sliding
P11G2016 – Unraveling a String Wound on a Sphere
P11G2017 – Velocity of a Rolling Disk
P11G2018 – Two-Disk Pulley
P11R2015 – Down the Incline
P11G2015 – Around the Loop
P11R2015 – Rolling Without Slipping Around a Loop
P11G2005 – Pulley with Friction
-- FLUIDS --
Fluids – Lecture
9 Topics
P12-010 – Definitions for Fluids
P12-020 – Mass Density & Pressure
P12-030 – Fundamental Equation of Hydrostatics
P12-050 – Buoyant Force & Archimedes’ Principle
P12-060 – Floating Condition and Neutrally Buoyant Objects
P12-070 – Pascal’s Principle
P12-090 – Volume Flow Rate & Mass Flow Rate
P12-100 – Continuity Equation
P12-110 – Bernoulli’s Equation
Fluids – Problems
20 Topics
P12R2015 – U-Shaped Tube with Oil and Water
P12R2015 – The Hidden Part of the Iceberg
P12G2005 – Floating Glass Beaker
P12G2007 – Boat with a Ballast
P12G2016 – Floating Cylinder
P12G2019 – Anchored Barge
P12G2018 – Piece of Iron with Cavities
P12G2020 – Weighing Suspended Blocks in Water
P12R2021 – Hot Air Balloon
P12G2016 – Flow Through a Horizontal Pipe
P12G2019 – Large Hole in Water Tank
P12G2008 – Hose Draining a Tank
P12G2015 – Flow Through a Pipe
P12G2017 – Flow Through Pitot Tube
P12G2018 – Narrow Pipe on a Tank
P12R2015 – Filling a Leaking Tank
P12R2015 – Pitot Tube
P12G2007 – Water Leaking Out of a Tank
P12R2021 – Drinking Fountain
P12S2009 – Leaky Cylindrical Tank
-- OSCILLATIONS --
Oscillations – Lecture
17 Topics
P13-010 – Oscillatory Motion
P13-020 – Definitions: period, frequency, and amplitude
P13-030 – Modeling Oscillations Mathematically
P13-060 – Methods to Determine the Phase Constant
P13-040 – Velocity & Acceleration of Oscillations
P13-050 – Maximum Speed and Maximum Acceleration
P13-070 – Review: second-order differential equations
P13-080 – Classic Oscillators: horizontal mass-spring oscillator
P13-090 – Classic Oscillators: vertical mass-spring oscillator
P13-100 – Classic Oscillators: simple pendulum
P13-110 – Classic Oscillators: physical pendulum
P13-120 – Classic Oscillators: torsional pendulum
PNC-13-130 – Conservation of Energy: horizontal oscillator
PNC-13-140 – Conservation of Energy: vertical mass-spring oscillator
PNC-13-150 – Conservation of Energy: simple pendulum
PNC-13-160 – Conservation of Energy: physical pendulum
P13-180 – Springs in Series or in Parallel
Oscillations – Problems
10 Topics
P13R2015 – Mathematics of Oscillations
P13R2015 – Springs in Series and in Parallel
P13S2017 – Bobbing Cylinder
P13R2015 – Oscillating Block
P13R2015 – Superposed Oscillating Blocks
P13G2015 – Collision then Oscillations
P13G2018 – Mass Dropped on an Oscillator
P13R2015 – Landing on a Spring
P13R2015 – Energy of a Horizontal Oscillator
P13R2015 – Energy of a Simple Pendulum
-- MIDTERM 2 - STUDY GUIDE --
DeWeese – 8A 2009 Fall – Midterm 2
4 Topics
P06D2009 – Fun with a Slingshot
P12D2009 – Weighted Buoy
P11D2009 – Log Rolling Off the Roof
P12D2009 – Tortoise on a Lever
DeWeese – 8A 2010 Fall – Midterm 2
4 Topics
P06D2010 – Throwing Clay at a Toy Train Car
P11D2010 – Yo-yo
P06D2010 – Bumper Cars
P10D2010 – Telescope and Parrot
DeWeese – 8A 2012 Fall – Midterm 2
4 Topics
P06D2012 – Winter Cannon
P11D2012 – Hammer Ride
P09D2012 – Metal Flag on a Hinge
P11D2012 – Spinning a Wheel
DeWeese – 8A 2013 Spring – Midterm 2
4 Topics
P06D2013 – Catching a Ball on a Boat
P11D2013 – Cylinder on an Incline
P10D2013 – Pushing a Dresser
P10D2013 – Lopsided Seesaw
DeWeese – 8A 2014 Fall – Midterm 2
4 Topics
P06D2014 – Ballistic Block
P11D2014 – Ball Rolling Down an Incline
P11D2014 – Bar Suspended by a Rope
P08D2014 – Elephant on a Train Car
DeWeese – 8A 2015 Spring – Midterm 2
4 Topics
P06D2015 – Horizontal Ballistic Pendulum
P10D2015 – Bozon the Clown
P11D2015 – Throwing a Rubber Ball at a Sign
P09D2015 – Angled Beam
DeWeese – 8A 2017 Fall – Midterm 2
4 Topics
P10D2017 – Plank on Rolling Wheels
P06D2017 – Wild West Show
P07D2017 – Visitor from Another Solar System
P10D2017 – Double Cylinder as a Massive Pulley
-- WAVES --
Mechanical Waves – Lecture
20 Topics
PNC-14-010 – Fundamental Definitions
P14-020 – Classification of Waves
P14-030 – One-Dimensional Sinusoidal Traveling Waves
P14-040 – Period and Wavelength
P14-050 – Speed of a Traveling Wave
P14-060 – Principle of Superposition
P14-070 – Constructive and Destructive Interference
P14-080 – Conditions for Constructive and Destructive Interference
P14-100 – Celerity of a Wave on a String
P14-110 – Reflection of a Wave at a Boundary
P14-120 – Standing Waves
P14-130 – Patterns, Fundamental Frequency, Harmonics
P14-140 – Soundwaves
P14-160 – Standing Waves in a Column of Air
P14-170 – Column of Air Closed at Both Ends
P14-180 – Column of Air Open at Both Ends
P14-190 – Column of Air with Open/Closed Ends
P14-200 – Beats
P14-210 – Doppler Effect
P14-220 – Intensity and Sound Level
Mechanical Waves – Problems
18 Topics
P14R2015 – Describing a Wave Mathematically
P14R2019 – Guitar String
P14G2007 – Standing Wave on a Wire
P14G2015 – Standing Wave on a String
P14G2016 – Vibrating Wire
P14G2018 – Standing Wave Pattern
P14G2008 – Another Vibrating Wire
P14R2015 – Two Strings
P14R2015 – Speaker and Microphone
P14R2015 – A Tuning Fork and a Tube
P14R2015 – Interfering Soundwaves
P14G2019 – Standing Waves in a Pipe
P14R2015 – Strings Attached
P14G2015 – Extraterrestrial Doppler Shift
P14G2017 – Doppler-Shifted Train Whistle
P14R2015 – Foghorns on the Bay
P14G2016 – Oscillating Speaker
P14G2007 – Bat Flying Toward a Wall
-- CALORIMETRY --
Calorimetry – Lecture
7 Topics
P15-010 – Thermal Equilibrium: the zeroth law
P15-020 – Temperature Scales
P15-030 – Thermal Expansion of Solids
P15-040 – Phase Change of a Pure Compound
P15-050 – Heat
P15-060 – Calorimetry
P15-070 – Specific Heat & Latent Heat
Calorimetry – Problems
9 Topics
P15B2018 – Heating and Cooling Horseshoe
P15R2015 – Cooling of a Metal Disk
P15R2015 – Heating an Ice Cube
P15R2020 – Whiskey on the Rocks
P15G2017 – Water Vapor and Ice
P15R2009 – Magic Shell
P15G2016 – Ice Cube in Water
P15G2018 – Composition of Final Mixture
P15R2015 – Ice-Water Mixture
-- 1st LAW OF THERMODYNAMICS --
First Law – Lecture
11 Topics
P16-010 – Ideal Gas Law
P16-090 – Molar Specific Heats of an Ideal Gas
P17-010 – Thermodynamic Transformations of a System
P17-020 – PV Diagram & Processes
P17-030 – Internal Energy
P17-040 – First Law of Thermodynamics
P17-050 – Work Done by an Ideal Gas
P17-060 – Heat Transfer for an Ideal Gas
P17-080 – Thermal Devices
P17-090 – Heat Engine
P17-100 – Efficiency of a Heat Engine
First Law – Problems
14 Topics
P17R2015 – Adiabatic Equations
P17R2015 – Gas Compression
P17G2007 – Ideal Gas in a Cylinder
P17R2015 – Spring-Loaded Piston
P17G2007 – Work and Heat over a Cycle
P17G2008 – Mystery Process
P17G2016 – Thermodynamic Cycle
P17G2017 – Three-Step Cycle
P17G2018 – Heat Transfer over a Cycle
P17G2019 – Cycle with Linear Segment
P17G2015 – Cycle of a Monatomic Gas
P17R2021 – Triangular Thermodynamic Cycle
P17R2015 – Engine or Refrigerator
P17B2018 – Heat Engine and Square Cycle
-- 2nd LAW OF THERMODYNAMICS --
Second Law – Lecture
5 Topics
P18-010 – Entropy
P18-020 – Entropy Change of a Reversible Process
P18-030 – Relating P, V, and T for an Isentropic Process
P18-040 – Second Law of Thermodynamics for an Isolated System
P18-050 – TS Diagram
Second Law – Problems
3 Topics
P18R2015 – Ice Cube in Lake
P18G2008 – Water Condensation & Entropy Change
P18L2015 – Entropy Calculations
-- FINAL - STUDY GUIDE --
DeWeese – 8A 2010 Fall – Final
6 Topics
P13D2010 – Springboard Diving
P12D2010 – Log in a Water Tank
P09D2010 – Biting a Carrot
P14D2010 – Fast Car and a Bass Guitar
P18D2010 – PV Diagram
P15D2010 – Meteorite Splashdown
1 of 2
Previous Topic
Next Topic

Kinematics – Problems

Physics 8A – Summer 2024 (DeWeese) Kinematics – Problems
Lesson Content
0% Complete 0/16 Steps
Previous Topic
Back to Course
Next Topic